For much of its history, tuberculosis was nearly always fatal. Advances over the last century have improved patient outcomes and changed the face of this disease. An Arkansas physician, Dr. Joseph Bates, has conducted groundbreaking research on tuberculosis in this state, resulting in dramatic changes to the scientific understanding of the disease. Recently recognized for his lifetime contributions, Dr. Bates’ story is one of commitment, discovery, and the advancement of humane treatment of patients with tuberculosis.